No Health Insurance in 2026: Will You Pay a Penalty?

California, the District of Columbia, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Rhode Island have coverage requirements that can lead to a state tax penalty for some uninsured residents, although exemptions may be available. Rules, exemptions, and filing requirements vary, so review the 2026 guidance from your state tax agency before assuming you will or will not owe a payment.

Start by comparing plans through the Health Insurance Marketplace or your employer, and check whether you or your family qualify for Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program; Medicaid and CHIP applications are accepted year-round. Marketplace enrollment is generally limited to open enrollment unless you qualify for a special enrollment period, so investigate your options promptly after a move, loss of coverage, birth, or another qualifying event.

A baby’s birth can create a special enrollment opportunity, but deadlines differ: Marketplace plans generally allow 60 days after birth to enroll, while employer plans generally require you to request enrollment within 30 days. Our printable PDF eBook, Baby Health Insurance Made Simple, is a guide for new parents; you can also read our newborn enrollment checklist as you organize your next steps.