10 Mental Disorders Associated With Mortality Risks

There is no universally accepted top 10 ranking: deaths can result from suicide, medical complications, substance use, or chronic physical illness, and different measures produce different lists. Instead of treating a diagnosis as a prediction, our team recommends recognizing conditions associated with serious mortality risks and seeking individualized care.

The following conditions are not listed in a definitive order, and several can occur together. Their risks vary with symptoms, physical health, access to treatment, and other circumstances.

1. Opioid use disorder: Overdose can slow or stop breathing, particularly when opioids are combined with alcohol or sedatives. Naloxone can reverse an opioid overdose and should be given immediately while someone calls 911.
2. Alcohol use disorder: Heavy alcohol use can contribute to poisoning, injuries, liver disease, and other fatal complications. Severe withdrawal can also be dangerous and may require medical supervision.
3. Anorexia nervosa: Severe malnutrition can damage the heart and other organs, while suicide is another serious risk. Treatment often includes medical monitoring, nutritional care, and therapy.
4. Stimulant use disorder: Cocaine and methamphetamine use can lead to overdose, stroke, or dangerous heart problems. Contamination with fentanyl can add an opioid overdose risk.
5. Major depressive disorder: Severe depression can increase suicide risk and make it difficult to manage daily life or physical illness. Effective care can include therapy, medication, and support during crises.
6. Bipolar disorder: Depressive and manic episodes can increase the risk of suicide or dangerous behavior. Ongoing treatment can help people manage episodes and reduce risk.
7. Schizophrenia: Suicide and physical health conditions contribute to elevated mortality risk. Coordinated mental and physical health care is important.
8. Borderline personality disorder: Suicidal behavior and self-harm can occur, especially during periods of intense distress. Structured therapies can help people build coping skills and safety plans.
9. Post-traumatic stress disorder: PTSD can be associated with suicide risk and substance use. Trauma-focused treatment and support for co-occurring conditions can help.
10. Bulimia nervosa: Purging can cause dangerous electrolyte imbalances and heart complications. Medical assessment and eating-disorder treatment are important.

If you or someone else is in immediate danger, call 911 in the United States; for suicidal distress, call or text 988 for the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. For nonemergency support, contact a health care professional and ask for an assessment that considers both mental and physical health.

When everyday tasks feel overwhelming, our Mental Health-Friendly Cleaning Checklist is a digital download you can explore alongside professional support. A cleaning plan is not a substitute for treatment, and it is okay to focus on one manageable task or ask someone you trust for help.